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1 обработка питьевой воды
обработка питьевой воды
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
drinking water treatment
The Directive on the Quality of Surface Water Intended for Drinking Water defines three categories of water treatment (A1, A2, A3) from simple physical treatment and disinfection to intensive physical and chemical treatment. The treatment to be used depends on the quality of the water abstracted. The Directive uses imperative values for parameters known to have an adverse effect on health and also guide values for those which are less adverse. There is also a directive which complements the "surface water abstraction" Directive by indicating the methods of measurement and the frequency of sampling and analysis required. (Source: PORT)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > обработка питьевой воды
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2 водосборная система
водосборная система
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
drainage system
A surface stream, or a body of impounded surface water, together with all other such streams and water bodies that are tributary to it and by which a region is drained. An artificial drainage system includes also surface and subsurface conduits. (Source: BJGEO)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > водосборная система
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3 управление открытыми водоемами
управление открытыми водоемами
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
surface water management
The administration or handling of water naturally open to the atmosphere (rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, streams, seas, etc.). (Source: RHW / TOE)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > управление открытыми водоемами
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4 взаимодействие "воздух-вода"
- interaction air/eau
взаимодействие "воздух-вода"
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
air-water interaction
The physical processes at the air-water interface: momentum, heat and mass transfer across the air-water interface, mixing of surface water by wind stress and wave breaking, directional wave spectra and wave forces on offshore structures. The air-water interaction is measured by the turbulence and gas exchanges resulting from the mixing of the water column by wind. (Source: WATER / CEIS)
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- interaction air/eau
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > взаимодействие "воздух-вода"
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5 воды поверхностные
воды поверхностные
Воды, находящиеся на поверхности суши в виде различных водных объектов
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]EN
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воды поверхностные
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6 поверхностные воды
поверхностные воды
Воды, находящиеся на поверхности суши в виде различных водных объектов.
[ ГОСТ 19179-73]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > поверхностные воды
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7 просачивание воды в грунт
просачивание воды в грунт
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
water infiltration into the ground
The movement of surface water into soil or rock through cracks and pores. (Source: DUNSTE)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > просачивание воды в грунт
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8 циркуляция водных слоев
циркуляция водных слоев
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
overturn (limnology)
The circulation, especially in the fall and spring, of the layers of water in a lake or sea, whereby surface water sinks and mixes with bottom water; it is caused by changes in density differences due to changes in temperature, and is especially common wherever lakes are icebound in winter. (Source: BJGEO)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > циркуляция водных слоев
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9 водонагреватель поверхностный
водонагреватель поверхностный
Водонагреватель, в котором тепло нагреваемой воде передаётся через поверхность трубок с первичным теплоносителем
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]Тематики
- отопление, горяч. водоснабж. в целом
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > водонагреватель поверхностный
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10 свалка опасных отходов
свалка опасных отходов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
hazardous waste dump
Disposal facilities where hazardous waste is placed in or on land. Properly designed and operated landfills are lined to prevent leakage and contain systems to collect potentially contaminated surface water run-off. (Source: PARCOR / WPR)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > свалка опасных отходов
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11 граница между воздухом и поверхностью океана
граница между воздухом и поверхностью океана
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
ocean-air interface
The sea and the atmosphere are fluids in contact with one another, but in different energy states - the liquid and the gaseous. The free surface boundary between them inhibits, but by no means totally prevents, exchange of mass and energy between the two. Almost all interchanges across this boundary occur most effectively when turbulent conditions prevail. A roughened sea surface, large differences in properties between the water and the air, or an unstable air column that facilitates the transport of air volumes from sea surface to high in the atmosphere. Both heat and water (vapor) tend to migrate across the boundary in the direction from sea to air. Heat is exchanged by three processes: radiation, conduction, and evaporation. The largest net exchange is through evaporation, the process of transferring water from sea to air by vaporization of the water. (Source: PARCOR)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > граница между воздухом и поверхностью океана
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12 водная эрозия
водная эрозия
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
water erosion
The breakdown of solid rock into smaller particles and its removal by water. As weathering, erosion is a natural geological process, but more rapid soil erosion results from poor land-use practices, leading to the loss of fertile topsoil and to the silting of dams, lakes, rivers and harbours. There are three classes of erosion by water. a) Splash erosion occurs when raindrops strike bare soil, causing it to splash, as mud, to flow into spaces in the soil and to turn the upper layer of soil into a structureless, compacted mass that dries with a hard, largely impermeable crust. b) Surface flow occurs when soil is removed with surface run-off during heavy rain. c) Channelized flow occurs when a flowing mixture of water and soil cuts a channel, which is then deepened by further scouring. A minor erosion channel is called a rill, a larger channel a gully. (Source: ALL)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > водная эрозия
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13 вода из родника
вода из родника
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
spring water
Water obtained from an underground formation from which water flows naturally to the surface, or would flow naturally to the surface if it were not collected underground. (Source: WQA)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > вода из родника
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14 просачивание воды
просачивание воды
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
water seepage
The slow movement of water through small openings and spaces in the surface of unsaturated soil into or out of a body of surface or subsurface water. (Source: MGH)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > просачивание воды
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15 влажность почвы
влажность почвы
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil moisture
1) Water stored in soils.
2) One of the most important elements involved in pedological processes and plant growth. There are three basic forms:
a) water adhering in thin films by molecular attraction to the surface of soil particles and not available for plants is termed hygroscopic water.
b) Water forming thicker films and occupying the smaller pore spaces is termed capillary water. Since it is held against the force of gravity it is permanently available for plant growth and it is this type of soil water which contains plant nutrients in solution.
c) Water in excess of hygroscopic and capillary water is termed gravitational water, which is of a transitory nature because it flows away under the influence of gravity. When the excess has drained away the amount of water retained in the soil is termed its field capacity, when some of its pore spaces are still free of water.
(Source: LANDY / DUNSTE)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > влажность почвы
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16 поверхностный сток воды
поверхностный сток воды
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
surface runoff
Water that travels over the soil surface to the nearest surface stream; runoff of a drainage basin that has not passed beneath the surface since precipitation. (Source: BJGEO)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > поверхностный сток воды
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17 циркуляция морской воды
циркуляция морской воды
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
sea circulation
Large-scale horizontal water motion within an ocean. The way energy from the sun, stored in the sea, is transported around the world. The currents explain, for example, why the UK has ice-free ports in winter, while St. Petersburg, at the same latitude as the Shetland Islands, needs ice breakers. Evidence is growing that the world's ocean circulation was very different during the last ice age and has changed several times in the distant past, with dramatic effects on climate. The oceans are vital as storehouses, as they absorb more than half the sun's heat reaching the earth. This heat, which is primarily absorbed near the equator is carried around the world and released elsewhere, creating currents which last up to 1.000 years. As the Earth rotates and the wind acts upon the surface, currents carry warm tropical water to the cooler parts of the world. The strength and direction of the currents are affected by landmasses, bottlenecks through narrow straits, and even the shape of the sea-bed. When the warm water reaches polar regions its heat evaporates into the atmosphere, reducing its temperature and increasing its density. When sea-water freezes it leaves salt behind in the unfrozen water and this cold water sinks into the ocean and begins to flow back to the tropics. Eventually it is heated and begins the cycle all over again. (Source: MGH / WRIGHT)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > циркуляция морской воды
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18 почвенный процесс
почвенный процесс
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil process
The major processes in soils are gains, losses, transfers, and transformations of organic matter, soluble salts, carbonates, silicate clay minerals, sesquioxides, and silica. Gains consist normally of additions of organic matter, and of oxygen and water through oxidation and hydration, but in some sites slow continuous additions of new mineral materials take place at the surface or soluble materials are deposited from groundwater. Losses are chiefly of materials dissolved or suspended in water percolating through the profile or running off the surface. (Source: PARCOR)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > почвенный процесс
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19 бытовые жидкие отходы
бытовые жидкие отходы
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
domestic waste water
Wastewater principally derived from households, business buildings, institutions, etc., which may or may not contain surface runoff, groundwater or storm water. (Source: WWC)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > бытовые жидкие отходы
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20 водный ресурс
водный ресурс
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
water resource
Water in any of its forms, wherever located - atmosphere, surface or ground - which is or can be of value to man. (Source: LANDY)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > водный ресурс
См. также в других словарях:
Surface water — For water masses on the surface of the world ocean, see Surface water (ocean). : For water masses on the surface of land masses, see Surface water (land). Water collecting on the ground or in a stream, river, lake, wetland, or ocean is called… … Wikipedia
surface water — paviršiniai vandenys statusas Aprobuotas sritis vanduo apibrėžtis Tekantis arba susikaupęs žemės paviršiuje vanduo, esantis vidaus (išskyrus požeminį vandenį), tarpiniuose ir priekrantės vandenyse. Paviršinio vandens sąvoka apima ir teritorinę… … Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)
surface water — paviršiniai vandenys statusas Aprobuotas sritis hidrometeorologija apibrėžtis Vanduo, kuris teka arba yra susikaupęs žemės paviršiuje (upės, ežerai, tvenkiniai, kanalai, pelkės). atitikmenys: angl. surface water rus. поверхноcтные воды šaltinis… … Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)
surface water — paviršinis vanduo statusas T sritis ekologija ir aplinkotyra apibrėžtis Nuolat arba laikinai žemės paviršiuje slūgsantis trijų būsenų (kietosios, skystosios ir dujinės) gamtinis vanduo. atitikmenys: angl. surface water vok. Oberflächenwasser, n;… … Ekologijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas
Surface-water hydrology — is a field that encompasses all surface waters of the globe (overland flows, rivers, lakes, wetlands, estuaries, oceans, etc). This a subset of the hydrologic cycle that does not include atmospheric, and ground waters. Surface water hydrology… … Wikipedia
Surface water rescue — is defined as the rescue of a patient who is afloat on the surface of a body of water. Within Canada, any significant sized body of water, whether in mid summer or winter, is considered cold water. Although multiple agencies respond to such… … Wikipedia
Surface Water Simulation Modelling Programme — (SWSMP) launched in 1986 by the Ministry of Water Resources of Bangladesh Government under the Master Planning Organization to develop a high level of analytical capabilities by use of state of the art mathematical water modelling which was the… … Wikipedia
surface water — Water derived from falling rain or melting snow, or rising to the surface in springs, and diffused over the surface of the ground. 56 Am J1st Water § 65. Inclusive of flood water severed from the main current and spreading out over lower ground.… … Ballentine's law dictionary
surface water — Water obtained from surface supplies [16] … Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology
surface water — water source located above the surface of the ground … English contemporary dictionary
Surface water sports — The following is a list of surface water sports; these are sports which are performed atop a body of water.kurfingSkurfing a popular surface watersport in which the participant is towed on a surfboard, behind a boat, with a ski rope. Skurfing is… … Wikipedia